America's role in the world Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

America's role in the world - Research Paper Example This was just the beginning; the invasion of the US in other countries did not stop. â€Å"The invasion into Iran was another poor decision by the US personnel, they may have benefitted monetarily but their reputation as a country took a major hit in the eyes of the rest of the world.† (Bamford, James) â€Å"The US has always tried to dictate terms to other nations and this is possibly one reason why Osama chose US as his main target and did the damage that he did. September 9th 2001 is arguably the darkest day in the history of the United States.† (Ahmed, Nafeez) â€Å"The US reacted violently after the 9/11 incident; they declared a War on Terror and in the process invaded several countries.† (Benjamin, Daniel) The 9/11 incident killed several people. Innocent people were killed for no fault of theirs; brutality was unleashed in more ways than one. This was one big attack which caught the attention of the people; there are so many terrorists’ activities which don’t catch the eye of the people living in different parts of the world. Terrorism has become a menace and it hampers development and growth of a country. It is very important take appropriate measures. The World Picture After 1945 â€Å"250000 people were approximately killed in the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; this still remains the most dreadful massacre of the civilians ever to take place in the history.† (Archick, Kristin) A lot of things changed after the Second World War, the US became a force to reckon with. The US also tested atomic bomb under water and this was first done in the year 1946. The Bikini Islands in the Pacific was the place where these tests of atomic bomb were conducted. â€Å"The United States Representative to the UN Atomic Energy Commission unveiled a plan under which the US would surrender its monopoly of atomic weapons to an international body. The Soviets refused the proposal, and proceeded to develop their own weapons.† (Baruch Plan for Atomic Control) In Germany nine of the most influential people were hung after their trials, these nine people committed malicious crimes such as killing about nine million Jews. The Germans just wanted to ensure that this should not be repeated and hence did justice to these nine people. In the year 1947 the Asian countries also made significant progress, India and Pakistan got independence and formed their own governments, this independence was achieved after a long struggle with the foreign forces. These were some of the most significant events that took place after 1945. The US has an undeniable dominance over the other countries. Even after the recent slump, the US is still one of the most powerful countries in the world. The top-notch technology available in country sets it apart from the rest of the countries. Before 1890 the US officials and the other influential people were very content and satisfied with the position of their country but all of a sudden a wave just swept aside the nation and the people thought that they should start showing their dominance on the world arena. The US started venturing into the never ventured phenomena of conquering other nations. The Caribbean and the Central America were the first destinations that lured the US officials and also set them on a spree of world dominance. The Spanish-American war gave a major boost to the US and made

How Does Fitzgerald Tell the Story in Chapter 9 Essay Example for Free

How Does Fitzgerald Tell the Story in Chapter 9 Essay In the Great Gatsby, the last chapter of the novel is told two years later still from the perspective of Nick. Nick is writing two years later after the events with Gatsby, showing that a considerable amount of time has passed between its occurrence yet it is still fresh in Nick’s mind. The fact that Nick is still reminiscing about Gatsby and has written a book about him highlights the huge impact that Gatsby has had on Nick’s life. The strong connection that Nick feels has been created between Gatsby and himself is evident particularly in chapter 9 as it is apparent that Nick feels â€Å"responsible† for him. Even two years later Nick feels a sense of responsibility and loyalty towards Gatsby and that he is owed the truth instead of all the malicious lies which are created by the reporters, similar to that of all the party goers. The idea that nobody respect Gatsby the way he does leads Nick to believe that there was a â€Å"scornful solidarity between Gatsby and me against them all†. And so the start of his book begins two years later, the book that Nick hoped to clear Gatsby’s name with and right the wrongs that occurred that summer. In the final chapter of the ‘Great Gatsby’, Fitzgerald creates a sense of finality for the reader suggesting â€Å"the party was over†. Through the use of the repetition of the word â€Å"last† Fitzgerald also demonstrates the end of Nicks experience with Gatsby. The reader acknowledges that Nick finds it hard to move on and accept Gatsby’s death as he tries to keep him alive through the creation of false memories as a result of his grief, believing Gatsby to have told him that â€Å"I cant go through this alone†. The obsession that Nick has with Gatsby is more evident as Nick tries harder and harder to create the funeral he feels that Gatsby deserves, however he was met with much disappointment by those who Gatsby had done so much for. During Nick’s attempts at assembling Gatsby’s funeral he tries very hard to get the people Nick thought were Gatsby’s friends to attend. The difficulty that occurred as a result of Nick’s attempt highlights just how little an impact Gatsby truly had on any of their lives as â€Å"nobody came†. Fitzgerald uses this two-word sentence at the end of the paragraph to emphasise the betrayal Nick felt towards Gatsby, that after everything he did for everyone else, no one other than himself truly cared about him. The disappointment that Nick shows when nobody other than Gatsby’s father and a few servants came, made Nick feel angry towards everyone else as the contrast between Gatsby in life and death is so hugely different and it is now a world in which Nick takes a while to accept. In life, Gatsby was someone who burned bright through his dreaming, yet in death he had become someone who was forgotten in an instance, indicating the little influence he had on the lives of so many.

Biography of Frank Lloyd Wright Essays -- Architecture Architects Buil

Biography of Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright was arguably one of the best architects of the 19th and 20th centuries. His works ranged from traditional buildings typical to the late 1800’s to ultramodern designs (Official Site 1). He had a great knowledge of the land and his buildings were practical in terms of their surroundings. Wright’s appreciation and love for nature was a key characteristic, and a strong influence in his architecture. Frank Lloyd Wright was born in 1867 in Richland Center, Wisconsin (Hunt 180). He was brought up by his mother, Anna, and his aunts and uncles on farmland near Spring Green, Wisconsin. His father had abandoned the family in 1885 (Encarta 1). He studied engineering briefly at the University of Wisconsin, and he showed a good ability to draw. He then moved to Chicago in 1887 and worked as an assistant at the Chicago architectural firm of Adler and Sullivan. There he learned many of the trades of architecture and embarked on an independent path of his own in 1893 (Encarta 1). Wright avoided anything that might be called a personal style (Encarta 1), but he defined his architecture as â€Å"organic,† which he saw as a principle of order, structure, and form relating in the process of nature (Burns 8). This meant that every building should relate harmoniously to it’s natural surroundings, and the building should not be a static boxlike enclosure but a dynamic structure with open flowing interior spaces. He once said, â€Å"No house should ever be on a hill or anything. It should be of the hill, belonging to it. Hill and house should live together each the happier for the other (Official Site 1).† He achieved this design using geometric shapes that would form a pattern. His first models were mostly squares and he later used diamonds, hexagons, circles, and other geometric units for which he would lay the floor plan (Encarta 1). Wright also used long projections, often balconies or rooftops that were supported at only one end to cr eate this effect. These geometric designs and jutting projections made Wright’s designs the opposite of the boxes with openings that he was trying to avoid. Wright also had an extreme appreciation for nature. Throughout his life Wright spoke of the influence of nature on his work and attributed his love of nature to those early years spent in the rural Wisconsin countryside... ...d, who has done as much to realize his vision of what a perfect architecture might be†¦ (PBS Online 1).† Wright died in 1959, and he left behind a great legacy. His works are still considered modern today, even thought it is almost 50 years after his death. So, as Simon and Garfunkel sing, â€Å"Architects may come, and architects may go†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , but there will never be another architect like Frank Lloyd Wright. Works Cited Burns, Robert. â€Å"Frank Lloyd Wright in the Twenty-first Century.† National Forum. Summer 2000. 8-10. 2 Mar 2001. Frank Lloyd Wright. 10 Mar 2001. Harper, Hillard. â€Å"Show Explores the Wright Frame of Mind.† The Los Angeles Times. 5 Mar 1988. 3 Mar 2001. Hunt, William Dudley Jr. â€Å"Wright, Frank Lloyd.† Encyclopedia Americana. 180. Official Site of Frank Lloyd Wright. 1996-2001. 10 Mar 2001. PBS Online. 1995-2001. 10 Mar 2001. Taschen, Benedikt. Frank Lloyd Wright. Germany: Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation. 1991. Weishan, Michael. â€Å"A Work of Genius.† Country Living. Nov 2000. 26-30. 9 Mar 2001. Williams Students Online. 3 Mar 2001. â€Å"Wright, Frank Lloyd.† Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2001. CD-ROM. 1993-2000 Ed.

Competitive of college Submissions Essay

As a teenager in high school, the intended goal for every student is to go to college, everyone including parents, students, and other family members encourage this goal. To get into high school, there were qualifications for chosen certain high school depending on district, but not as competitive as the admissions to college. According to Sally P. Springer, college’s admissions are so competitive due to the fact of how many students apply to college each year. With that said, since there is an increase in student graduating from high school, colleges increase in cost of admission, higher GPA/test scores, and the amount of education given. The price of colleges has increased every year. Students are encouraged every day how important it is to go to college because it’s an institution of higher learning that will open doors for different careers. Unfortunately, majority of the students cannot afford the price of education when it continues to increase by the year and even with scholarships it’s too much money. Some student’s parents get paid too much money and the students do not receive financial aid, so they are left to pay out of pocket. The cost of a two year college vs. a four year is a lot less expensive and many students choose that route because the cost and because the admission is not that competitive. Furthermore, the admission requirements for students who want to go to out of state is even more competitive because of the area. According to the Sally P. Springer in the article Competitive Colleges, in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s the number of students graduating from high school has increased, and because of this most colleges compete in admission by choosing students of diverse and higher GPA standards and test scores. However this makes it harder for students have the GPA but have poor testing skills or vice versa which is a very important key for student’s admissions process. For instance, Harvard is a very prestigious University and the admissions has decreased in the year of 2012 7.1 percent admission. To qualify for Harvard you have to have the GPA of a 3.8-4.3 or have a test score of 1500. Then students are forced to go to colleges not of their choice because of hard criteria of admissions. Majority of two year colleges  require a 2.5 GPA compared to some four year the minimum requirement is a 3.0+ GPA. Moreover, some may argue that the reason why college admissions are so competitive is because colleges strive and are eager for students with higher learning. Every University and College offer different sports, majors, and organization and schools compete to be the best by having the best students. Also if a student wants to go to school in a nice area or a better setting the admissions are going to be higher. University in particular give students a better chance of reaching their career. Colleges such as University of Chicago have better programs for nursing compared to Chicago State therefore students must meet the criteria to attend the programs and that’s at any school. If Colleges was not as competitive then it will be easy for anybody and student will not work hard. Unfortunately, the best students can come from a Junior college and still receive a good paying job and the career of their choice. Wherever a student goes he/she will do what they have to do to succeed. All colleges strive for the best for students but due to the competitive admission requirements students are not allowed to peruse what they want. College is college but just because a student doesn’t meet a particular area for admission is it right to say that student would not succeed within that University or College? If colleges could be less competitive then everyone will have an equal amount or chance to get the same education as of that student went to Harvard. Works Cited Springer, Sally P, Reider, John, and Franck, Marion . Why are College’s Admission Competitive? Son Inc. Wiley. Copyright 2009. Harvard University. Admissions and Financial Aid. The President and Fellows of Harvard College. Copyright 2013. https://college.harvard.edu/admissions/application-requirements University of Chicago. Admissions and Financial Aid. 2013 < http://www.uchicago.edu/admissions/>

Visit to Сourt

?I have got a chance to visit court on 2, January 2014 with my group members Biagio Mauri for our law assignment. This is the first time of my life visiting to court and we went to magistrate court around 1pm. That court is located in 363 George Street Brisbane QLD 4001, opening and closing hours is 8:30-4:30. When we arrived infront of the court I feel alittle nervous because I have never been to any court. My group members asked me to turn off all of my electronic devices.In entrance there are some sign of no food /drink and turn off electronic devices. I stepped into the entrance and the first thing I see is security woman with desk in front of the court. She was friendly and asked us to step back to x-ray machines which is use in airport or any other security check . Then she asked us to come one by one, so that my group member would go first and I was waiting him outside of the entrance. After she checked my group member’s bag with metal detectors as she asked me to come in and she did the same way.After security check, we ahead to information counter and we saw some people were asking about the court room that related to their cases. So we qued for a little while and we got reach our trun. My group member requested to receptionist that we are student doing law assignment and which room we need to go. Then she said room 36 is just started and pointed us to get there. I felt so excited to get into the room as I saw auto double door to get into the room. I became noticed everyone is quiet and we took chair in last place.Although I knew that I need to be quiet but my group member remind me to be quiet. After we sat down,I started to discover the circumstances. There were few people sitting with us. The name of the judge was Carmody T and he looked greate on his formal black suit with the white collar. His place was the highest positon of the room and he was sitting. At the second positon, I saw a typist women and she was typing about the case. At the l ast positon I saw one lawyer and one policeman who standing were had conversation with the judge.I saw around 4 or 5 police infront of the 2 small glass room that they made with protective glass for protect people from the accuse abuse I guess. After I did sightseeing ,the first accuse was already got judgement . So I started focus on second accuse case and listened carefully. Before the accuse come, the lawer talked about the case. That case was nature of crime about theft case, the police woman took the accuse man from the door behind that glass room. The judge asked that accuse man that he feel gulity or not. He said he felt gulity so that judge continue ask about what he did steal.He admited that he stolen $4658 cash from the high school. Finally the judge made the decision that he needed to give fine $2000 and sent to prison for 6 months. In conclusion, I got a lot of knowledges about the court by visiting magistrate court in brisbane Australia. I experienced about how the judg e and lawyer analysis the case and the court procedure. When I left that room I did bow my head down as other people did. I realized how court is important for a countrty, if court does not exist we cannot exactly know what is justice.

The Start of Restricted Gun Rights in the US

The Start of Restricted Gun Rights in the US When Virginia was drafting its state constitution in 1776, American founding father Thomas Jefferson wrote that â€Å"no freeman shall ever be debarred the use of arms.† Yet Jefferson had been dead just 11 years before the first attempt was made to severely restrict gun ownership. It happened in Georgia in 1837, nearly 100 years before the first federal gun control laws would be passed. The Nation’s First Gun Ban Georgia’s state legislature passed a law in 1837 that banned the sale of knives â€Å"used for offensive or defensive purposes† and all pistols except flintlock  Ã¢â‚¬Å"horseman’s pistols.† Possession of those weapons was also prohibited unless the weapons were worn in plain sight. History did not well record the reasoning behind the legislature’s vote. What is known  is that the legislation stood as the law of the land in Georgia for eight years before the state’s supreme court declared it unconstitutional and voided it from the books. Applying Federal Rights to State Law America’s founding fathers made sure to include a right to keep and bear arms in the Bill of Rights. But the right to keep and bear arms wasn’t limited to the Second Amendment; many states incorporated a right to bear arms into their constitutions as well. Georgia was a rare exception. The state’s constitution included no right to bear arms. So when Georgia’s ban on small handguns was finally challenged in the state’s supreme court, in the 1845 case of Nunn v. the State of Georgia, the court found it had no precedent and no state constitutional mandate to apply. So, they looked to the U.S. Constitution and cited the Second Amendment heavily in their decision to strike down the gun ban as unconstitutional. In its decision, the Nunn court held that while the Georgia legislature could ban citizens from carrying concealed weapons, it could not ban openly carried weapons. To do so, stated the court, would violate the Second Amendment right to carry weapons for purposes of self-defense. Specifically the Nunn court wrote, â€Å"We are of the opinion, then, that so far as the act of 1837 seeks to suppress the practice of carrying certain weapons secretly, that it is valid, inasmuch as it does not deprive the citizen of his natural right of self-defence, or of his constitutional right to keep and bear arms. But that so much of it, as contains a prohibition against bearing arms openly, is in conflict with the Constitution, and void; and that, as the defendant has been indicted and convicted for carrying a pistol, without charging that it was done in a concealed manner, under that portion of the statute which entirely forbids its use, the judgment of the court below must be reversed, and the proceeding quashed.† Perhaps even more significant to the current gun control debate, the Nunn court ruled that the Second Amendment guaranteed all people - not just members of the militia - the right to keep and bear arms, and that the type of arms carried was not restricted only to those borne by the militia but arms of any type and description. The court wrote, â€Å"the right of the whole people, old and young, women and boys, and not militia only, to keep and bear arms of every description, and not merely such as are used by the militia, shall not be infringed, curtailed, or broken in on, in the slightest degree; and all this for the important end to be attained: the rearing up and qualifying of a well regulated militia, so vitally necessary to the security of a free state.† The court went on to ask, since when does â€Å"any legislative body in the Union have the right to deny to its citizens the privilege of keeping and bearing arms in defense of themselves and their country.† The Aftermath Georgia finally did amend its constitution to include a right to bear arms in 1877, adopting a version very similar to the Second Amendment. Except for a handful of relatively minor and overturned state laws attempting to ban freed slaves from owning guns, efforts to restrict gun rights were largely over after the Georgia Supreme Court’s 1845 ruling. Not until 1911, when New York City enacted a law requiring gun owners to be licensed, would major laws restricting gun rights resurface in America. Updated by Robert Longley

How to Write a Childrens Book in 5 Simple Steps the Master Guide

How to Write a Childrens Book in 5 Simple Steps the Master Guide How to Write a Children's Book: an Author's Guide So you want to know how to write a children’s book? That’s great news. Children and teenagers are some of the most devoted readers out there - just don't  underestimate the size of the task in front of you. A children’s book is sometimes mistakenly seen as â€Å"easy† to write when, in fact, the opposite is true. You’ll need to nail all the essential elements like your voice, structure, plot, and characterization†¦ with fewer pages.In this post, we ask some of our top children’s book editors for their tips on how to create a book that publishers and readers will want to buy. And from their advice, we're going to show you how to write a children's book in five steps:Understand the children's book market (and your category)Create memorable charactersTell an engaging storyHone your voiceDetermine whether you need an illustratorLet's drill a little deeper into each step, starting with the first...For some awesome examples, check out the 1 20 best children's books of all time!Step 1. Understand the children’s book market  (and your category)"The children's publishing industry deems a book successful based upon sales data, but if you want to know which books work, just look for Scotch tape. Look for the books with the weird stains on the pages, with frayed covers, torn-and-taped pages - the books that have been read so many times that they are completely falling apart. These are the hallmarks of a successful children's book." - Brian Saliba, children's editorBefore you write a word of your book, you need to figure out your target audience. You can’t expect a five-year-old kid, for instance, to give a preteen’s book the time of day - and vice versa! Literary agents, in particular, will discard any book that’s not demographic-friendly, which is why children's editor Anna Bowles advises you to tailor every aspect of your book to your age band. This includes:TopicLengthStylePlot complexityL et’s take a closer look at each of the major categories in the children’s book market. How is the children's book market split up? Find out in this guide to children's books Picture books (Ages 5-7)It’s important to note that not all books with pictures are picture books. In industry terms, a picture book is a book that relies equally on illustrations and words to tell the story. Since picture books are meant to be a child’s first reading experience, the word count is going to be very low (500 words or fewer, 1,000 tops). To perfect your written work, consider sharing it with friends, family, and children’s writing communities (such as Children’s Book Authors on Facebook or a writing group in your area). You should also test your book on your target audience: children. Kids are brutally honest so their feedback will be very valuable.If you think that you need a specialist's touch, you might want to hire a professional editor. Their decades of experience will improve your storytelling and make sure that your book is ready for the market. You can find out the cost of hiring a professional children’s book editor here.Taking the next stepOnce you’re happy with your book, it’s time to take the last step and put it out there for children to read. You can dive deep into the process in this extensive guide to publishing a children’s book.If you’re planning to self-publish, you’ll want to start thinking about marketing. Here’s a free 10-day course that provides marketing strategies to help you promote your children’s book before, during, and after its launch.Most of all, never lose sight of your goal. The journey to writing a successful children’s book might be hard, but it’ll be worth it when you picture your book in the hands of young readers everywhere.Are you writing a children's book right now? Do you have any more questions for our professional editors? Leave them in the comment box below and we'll answer right away!

Commonly Confused Words Diagnosis and Prognosis

Commonly Confused Words Diagnosis and Prognosis The words  diagnosis and prognosis are commonly (though not exclusively) used in the medical field. Both terms contain the root word gnosis, which means knowledge. But  diagnosis and prognosis refer to different kinds of knowledge or information. Definitions The noun diagnosis refers to the process of analyzing information to understand or explain something. The plural of diagnosis is diagnoses. The adjective form is diagnostic. The noun prognosis means a forecast or predictiona judgment about what is likely to occur in the future. The plural of prognosis is prognoses. In the medical field, diagnosis relates to identifying and understanding the nature of a disease or disorder, while a prognosis  is a prediction of the probable outcome of a disease or disorder. Examples Medical researchers are examining strategies for the early diagnosis of Alzheimers disease.A simple 15-minute brain scan could help doctors diagnose people* with  autism  by identifying structural differences in their brains. Scientists say the scans would speed up what is currently a long and emotional diagnostic procedure and allow the identification of at-risk children more rapidly.​(Alok Jha, Autism Can Be Diagnosed With Brain ScanStudy. The Guardian [UK], August 10, 2010)* See usage notes below.  The prognosis for continued and sustainable improvements in human well-being on a transformed planet Earth is, at best, guarded.​(W.C. Clark et al., Science for Global Sustainability.  Earth System Analysis for Sustainability, ed. by Hans-Joachim Schellnhuber et al. MIT Press, 2004)Our task was to  learn all that was known  about the natural history of disease so that we could make an accurate diagnosis and a reasonably probabilistic prognosis.  That done, ou r function as doctors  would be to enlist the best possible nursing care, explain matters to the patient and family, and stand by.​(Lewis Thomas, The Fragile Species. Touchstone, 1996) Usage Notes The distinguishing  difference between diagnosis and prognosis  is that prognosis implies the prediction of a future state. Thus, to accomplish prognosis requires both diagnostic and predictive tools, the former to sense the current state of damage and the latter to predict the future state based on projected usage and applicable life-prediction routines.​(Materials Damage Prognosis, ed. by James M. Larsen et al., 2005)  The disease, not the patient, is diagnosed. Do not write She was diagnosed with cancer. But also avoid stilted constructions like this: She was given a diagnosis of cancer. Consider simpler alternatives: She learned she had cancer. Tests showed she had cancer. Her doctor told her she had cancer.(Allan M. Siegal and William G. Connolly, The New York Times Manual of Style and Usage, 5th ed. Three Rivers Press, 2015)Lurie 1927 disapproves of using the verb diagnose with a person as its object, even though there is often no other way of avoiding a stilted se ntence. . . . [W]e believe that it is more frequently found in speech than in writing. However, the usefulness of this sense of diagnose is manifest, and its use in writing may well increase.(Merriam-Websters Dictionary of English Usage, 1994) Practice (a) When the ships engine wouldnt start, the chief engineer offered a _____ of the problem.(b) The gloomy _____ for jobs and incomes in the coming year sent stock prices falling. Answers to Practice Exercises (a) When the ships engine wouldnt start, the chief engineer offered a  diagnosis  of the problem.(b) The gloomy  prognosis  for jobs and incomes in the coming year sent stock prices falling.

See the prompt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

See the prompt - Essay Example ..† Machiavelli, p. 55. This quotation is from the book The Prince by Machiavelli 4. â€Å"Our love of what is beautiful does not lead to extravagance; our love of the things of the mind does not make us soft. We regard wealth as something to be properly used, rather than as something to boast about.† Pericles, p. 147 5. â€Å"The bourgeoisie, wherever it has got the upper hand, has put an end to all feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations. It has pitilessly torn asunder the motley feudal ties that bound man to his natural superiors, and has left no other bond between man and man than naked self-interest, than callous cash payment† Marx, p. 738. This quote is from â€Å"Manifesto of the Communist Party, Chapter I â€Å"Bourgeois and Proletarians.† 1. When one lives the life away from the public eye, it is known as private life. Socrates reasons out his choice for living a private life that enabled him practice philosophy. He says that he has the divine umbr ella that protects and guides him for dos and don’ts in life. As for taking active part in life, he asserts that he has no divine directions. Socrates was too sincere, too honest as such he was unfit to be in public office and he would not be able to survive in the dishonesty prevailing over there. A public life is one that concerns and associates with the state. This area is engulfed with secular interests. According to the convictions of Socrates, if he were to take active interest in politics, in all probability it would not help him nor would it help the society. Personally his actions and responses are identical whether they concern the private or public life. One can control and discipline one’s private life, but as for public lifean individual is controlled by extraneous considerations and will have to make compromise with truth. 2. According to John Stuart Mill, self-will is one of the great misdemeanors of man. The barometer of goodness of humanity consists in obedience. A man has no choice but to act and perform. That which the human being does not consider as duty is a sin. Human nature is fundamentally corrupt as such redemption is only possible by killing human nature from within. With this perspective of life, demolishing any other human faculties, capabilities and vulnerabilities cannot be considered as evil. †¦ Man needs no capacity, but that of surrendering himself to the will of God, meaning the capacity to surrender itself is a great quality and liberty is kindergarten stuff as compared to the capacity to surrender. This is the Calvinistic theory. For man is the controller of all types of liberties. For an individual who knows the infinite power of surrender, individual liberty is of no consequence to him. Individual liberty is the demand by the imperfect individual. Total surrender is the domain of the perfect individual. 3. This book contains the guidelines for the dictators and tyrants to rule their subjects. Most of th e important rulers of Europe have benefited from the advice contained in the book and they helped to shape the governing policies. It has been hailed as the supreme guide of governance. The dictums prescribed by Machiavelli must have appealed to the baser instincts of such undemocratic rulers. He believed that the origin and substance of power was through wicked actions. He carefully distinguishes between getting and retaining power, which is done by wicked actions, but it is not possible to

Advanced Nursing Role Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advanced Nursing Role - Essay Example n FNP is an educated professional possessing a Masters Degree in Nursing and credentials as per the state board of nursing or national certification offered by several agencies i.e. American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. From this education, the FNP provides ample medical care to children and adults. Depending on the setting, the degree of independence for an FNP varies. This means that an FNP at times may work together with a physician and at other times completely independent of a physician. According to Poghosyan et al., (2013) independent advanced nurses produce impeccable results in the workforce, promoting ideal practice and services (p. 325-334). The role and other medical duties of the FNP range as per the state of the licensure. Below are the roles of an FNP as discussed by Poghosyan et al., (2013); Hansen-Turton et al., (2009); Jones et al., (2011) The nurse practitioner provides direct health care services. An FNP gets health histories of patients as well as performs the necessary physical examinations. Moreover, this health practitioner also performs functional, development, and psychosocial assessment. The FNP has the capability of interpreting any medical situation. An FNP also has the role of performing minor surgery or procedure for any age group. These duties outline the role of health promotion, disease prevention, health protection, and treatment (Hansen-Turton et al., 2009). An FNP’s duty is to diagnose and develop a management plan for chronic such as HTN, diabetes, asthma and acute conditions such as cardiac diseases and neuromuscular conditions as well as monitor the patient’s response (Poghosyan et al., 2013). An FNP has the power to order and interpret any diagnostic study, and come up with a therapeutic plan. This is inclusive of prescribing medications as per the given case study. However, the prescription of medication is dependent as per state regulation. An FNP ought to handle situations well in the achievement of improved

News and Communication Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

News and Communication Theory - Essay Example Significant level of literature on polarisation as well as selective exposure supposes that the Internet aggravates the fragmentation or separation of the media as well as of the citizenry. Nevertheless, this pays no attention to how the widespread utilisation of social media has changed news consumption across the world. Social media endow with readers a choice or option of stories from dissimilar sources that come advocated from politically, economically as well as socially heterogeneous individuals in the context that highlights social value over different ethnic affiliations. Building on different existing models of news and information selectivity (in respect to the business of journalism) to give emphasis to information utility, various researchers have hypothesised that the distinctive feature, social and political endorsements of social media trigger different decision heuristics which suggest utility. In respect to two experiments, researchers have demonstrates that much str onger social endorsements raise the probability that individuals select information and that their attendance decreases different selective exposure to the levels indistinguishable from the notion of chance (Messing and Westwood, 2011, p.1). This paper is aimed at providing a detailed analysis of the process of the emergence of Social Media re-shaped the gathering, dissemination and character of news and also its sustainability of the future trends. Thereafter the paper explains the ways which demonstrates different process through which the â€Å"many-to-many† model of communication affects the traditional notions and experience of accuracy, impartiality, fairness, spatial reach and relevance and timeliness. Research question: The research question of this essay is described as: what are the influences of social media and many-to-many models of journalism, communication and news delivery system across the globe consistent with its effects on traditional notions and are these trends in the system of journalism communicational system sustainable for the future? Social media and modern news delivery system: The emergence of the social media has been regarded as one of the most important aspects in modern structure of journalism and news. People who read news online use it because it is easily accessible, faster and it is available in 24/7. People who read hard copies of newspaper and magazine said it helps them to relax, gives more information than online, can be referred to anytime, good for the eyes and more comfortable. This makes the use of news and information easier for the readers. Also the use of advertisements is greater in case of online journalism compared to printed newspapers. This makes greater amounts of profit earning for the newspaper companies. This also helps the readers and audiences to gather greater amount of information regarding other products and services which are available in the market. Large number of people across the globe h as also argued that practices related to online journalism are helping business organisations in the business of news and journalism to spread higher amounts of news and information compared to the traditional sources of news and journalism business, such as print media. Large number of people have argued that the online journalism practices are sustainable in the future which has been possible because of the fact that the popularity of

Fashion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Fashion - Research Paper Example The following shall be discussed: fashion and health; fashion and comfort; fashion and culture; fashion and aesthetic culture; femininity in men’s fashion and finally, fashion and the economy. Fashion affects almost all aspects of life in the world and one of its greatest effects is on the health of those people who use the items and accessories of fashion. Some of the items which make up current fashion have adverse effects on the health of their users and it is very important that they note these effects and take the necessary actions to remedy them before they become permanent. The first to be discussed are fashion accessories, which many people who use them do not realize that they carry their own health hazards, for instance, carrying heavy handbags restricts blood flow to one side of the body causing muscle strain. Hair styles in most cases can also have unexpected results on the health of an individual for example, the wearing of hair extensions for long periods or chan ging them frequently can create bald spots on their scalps. Moreover, tight headbands, ponytails and braids can cause headaches due to the unnatural pulling of the hair resulting in the tightening of the scalp. Araujo and Minetti (759) in their article state that the minute amounts of nickel found in rings, earrings, belt buckles, watch backs, and jeans can cause an itchy red rash at the site of exposure on people who have nickel allergy which can begin suddenly even in adulthood. Furthermore, the trapped soap and moisture can cause a rash under any kind of ring but it tends to happen particularly with channel set rings with open spaces underneath the stone settings. Body piercings have a tendency of developing a bacterial infection with statistics showing a twenty percent frequency. The wearing of oversize earrings may cause the holes on the earlobes to stretch or tear and once that happens, the lobes may not heal on their own and might require cosmetic surgery to repair the damage by removing the excess tissue and stitching the hole shut. A related subject to this is the increase in the cases of cosmetic surgery because from the time they are kids, people tend to be told or given the image that they are inadequate and that they should change their looks to conform to the current fashion trend. According to Friedman (319) in his journal article â€Å"Cosmetic surgery† this has raised some serious medical concerns because since this field is still largely unregulated, any licensed physician and in some cases, dentist, is allowed to perform the procedure of cosmetic surgery. Fashion can damage one’s feet and balance through their choice of shoes especially the use of high heeled shoes. The use of these shoes leads to one bearing an additional weight on the forefoot, which results to drained nerves and joint problems such as bunions or hammertoes. These situations are almost impossible to reverse and the problems that come with them remain with the person affected for the rest of their lives, as they tend to get worse as they age. Skintight jeans can cause irritation to the skin through trapping dampness, which might lead to one having yeast infection. Eating disorders such as anorexia are caused by a person’s (especially ladies) need to conform to current fashion trends through excessive food restriction and an irrational fear of gaining weight. According to Prah (122) in the article â€Å"Eating Disorders,†

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Business - Essay Example They both provide the English legal system necessary tools for the correct and fair application of law. They are flexible yet rigid so as to ensure consistency of approach and certainty of law.1 Statutory Interpretation Parliament has the power to enact laws. The law making is subject to a long and complicated process. Courts in England and Wales have the power to interpret these laws (statutes) made by the Parliament whenever cases involving the respective statutes appear before them during the course of judicial proceedings. The judges/courts will explain how the relevant law is applicable in practice to the problems the courts are seized of during the course of litigation process. The meanings of the words appearing in the statutes of Parliament are interpretable by the judges in accordance with Statutory rules and Common law rules. Statutory method consists of Interpretation Act 1978 and Internal or Intrinsic aids while Common law method consists of literal rule by which courts r ender plain meaning to the words irrespective of result, golden rule by which courts adopt the meaning of the words more appealing to common sense in the case of more than one meaning being attributed to the word in question, mischief rule by which the judge has to interpret in the light of knowledge if the law has a defect or mischief , ejusdem generic rule which requires words must be interpreted as a person or thing belonging to the same class or genus, expressio unius est exclusion alterius rule which means that in case of a rule mentioning one or more things, other should be excluded oscitus a soccis rule which requires to follow the contextual meaning of a word in question. Further there are presumptions and use of extrinsic material. The presumptions entail that courts can a make various assumptions such as act not with retrospective effect, not binding the crown, not altering the common law, restricting personal liberty and creating criminal liability. The extrinsic material s serve as sources of information. They are International Conventions and Treaties, Law Commission Reports and Hansard proceedings which once had not been allowed to be used for statutory interpretation2. Judicial precedent Judicial precedent is common law system by which a precedent serves as an authority, principle or rule established in a litigation formerly decided. This becomes a binding or persuasive precedent for lower courts or tribunal to be followed in deciding future cases with similar facts or issues. The precedent appears in various forms. They are precedent in action that refers to the judge’s speech in a judgement, European Court of Justice (ECJ) since all the English courts are bound by the ECJ concerning European law with effect from 1973, The Supreme Court (formerly House of Lords) as this is the highest domestic court of appeal serving as the judicial authority which the House of Lords enjoyed formerly. Court of appeal whose decisions are binding on the Hig h Court and whose decisions are bound to the Supreme Court, Divisional Courts who are bound by the decisions of Supreme Court and Court of Appeal and High Court which is bound by the decisions of Supreme Court, the Court of Appeal and Divisional Court and not by another High court judge. 3 It would be clear therefore judiciary’s function is not to simply apply the laws but to interpret them and establish binding precedents. It is because there are difficulties in drafting out legislation and there are chances of unintended meanings and ambiguities creeping in the statutes. In many cases, the Parliament’s intent will be very clear in which case it will facilitate Court’s interpretation in an unambiguous manner. Courts are enabled to

B-Corp Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

B-Corp Business - Essay Example In order to become a B-Corp, there exists the whole certification process named â€Å"B-Corp Certification†. This certification implies the process of validating the company’s social and environmental performance which is measured through the special impact assessment framework (Bcorporation.net, n.d.). The process of certification has three stages: meet performance requirement; meet legal requirement; and make it official (Bcorporation.net, n.d.). The company’s performance is assessed based on the overall impact which it has on the stakeholders. This assessment is lasting for 1-3 hours, depending on the company’s size, location, and sector in which it operates. Then, one of the B Lab staff members appoints an Assessment Review session in order to clarify questions and enable the company to refine the answers (Bcorporation.net, n.d.). In case the company’s score is between 80-200 points, the B Corp team members provide the applicant with information on how to submit supporting documentation. When Assessment review stage is completed, the company has to complete Disclosure Questionnaire, where it informs about any sensitive practices, sanctions and fines related to this company or its partners (Bcorporation.net, n.d.). While the majority of such disclosures are not essential, there are cases when there are material disclosures which require more attention. In this case, the company’s management will need to provide more information on this issue. Decision about acceptance and membership/participation of the company in the B Corp community is made by the B Lab’s Board of Directors and Standards Advisory Council (Bcorporation.net, n.d.). The B Corp Certification process should be completed every two years. As it has been already mentioned the B Corp community is comprised of more than 1000 businesses. These companies operate in 60 different

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Business - Essay Example They both provide the English legal system necessary tools for the correct and fair application of law. They are flexible yet rigid so as to ensure consistency of approach and certainty of law.1 Statutory Interpretation Parliament has the power to enact laws. The law making is subject to a long and complicated process. Courts in England and Wales have the power to interpret these laws (statutes) made by the Parliament whenever cases involving the respective statutes appear before them during the course of judicial proceedings. The judges/courts will explain how the relevant law is applicable in practice to the problems the courts are seized of during the course of litigation process. The meanings of the words appearing in the statutes of Parliament are interpretable by the judges in accordance with Statutory rules and Common law rules. Statutory method consists of Interpretation Act 1978 and Internal or Intrinsic aids while Common law method consists of literal rule by which courts r ender plain meaning to the words irrespective of result, golden rule by which courts adopt the meaning of the words more appealing to common sense in the case of more than one meaning being attributed to the word in question, mischief rule by which the judge has to interpret in the light of knowledge if the law has a defect or mischief , ejusdem generic rule which requires words must be interpreted as a person or thing belonging to the same class or genus, expressio unius est exclusion alterius rule which means that in case of a rule mentioning one or more things, other should be excluded oscitus a soccis rule which requires to follow the contextual meaning of a word in question. Further there are presumptions and use of extrinsic material. The presumptions entail that courts can a make various assumptions such as act not with retrospective effect, not binding the crown, not altering the common law, restricting personal liberty and creating criminal liability. The extrinsic material s serve as sources of information. They are International Conventions and Treaties, Law Commission Reports and Hansard proceedings which once had not been allowed to be used for statutory interpretation2. Judicial precedent Judicial precedent is common law system by which a precedent serves as an authority, principle or rule established in a litigation formerly decided. This becomes a binding or persuasive precedent for lower courts or tribunal to be followed in deciding future cases with similar facts or issues. The precedent appears in various forms. They are precedent in action that refers to the judge’s speech in a judgement, European Court of Justice (ECJ) since all the English courts are bound by the ECJ concerning European law with effect from 1973, The Supreme Court (formerly House of Lords) as this is the highest domestic court of appeal serving as the judicial authority which the House of Lords enjoyed formerly. Court of appeal whose decisions are binding on the Hig h Court and whose decisions are bound to the Supreme Court, Divisional Courts who are bound by the decisions of Supreme Court and Court of Appeal and High Court which is bound by the decisions of Supreme Court, the Court of Appeal and Divisional Court and not by another High court judge. 3 It would be clear therefore judiciary’s function is not to simply apply the laws but to interpret them and establish binding precedents. It is because there are difficulties in drafting out legislation and there are chances of unintended meanings and ambiguities creeping in the statutes. In many cases, the Parliament’s intent will be very clear in which case it will facilitate Court’s interpretation in an unambiguous manner. Courts are enabled to

Malignant melanoma or chicken pox or shingles or goiter disease. PICK Research Paper

Malignant melanoma or chicken pox or shingles or goiter disease. PICK JUST ONE OF THE 4 - Research Paper Example son is not strong enough to cope with the virus, it is more likely that the person will suffer from the painful rushes that result from the disease infecting the sensory nerves. At this point the virus gets the protection from the human body humanity system thus they drop into the nerves forming a painful rush in the skin. The characteristics disease (shingles) is commonly found in the human adults. Chicken pox is caused a VZV virus (Varicella-Zoster virus) (Kaneshiro 1). Young kids can be protected from Varicela by the use of varicella vaccine. Vaccination is done when the kid is about one year old. Also at the age of four to six year, a booster shot is recommended to increase the chances of avoiding the future infection. For the people who are over 13 years, two doses of the vaccine is recommended, one coming after the other at an interval of 28 days. The disease infection happens once in a lifetime however the virus can stay in the body for long and cause shingles in when a person is at the old age. The infection of the disease starts simply just like that of a flu infection. The patient might have some running nose, coughing and sneezing. After the second day of the infection, the patient’s skin grows rashes. The rushes usually appears in the face and in the chest first and then spread on the other parts of the body. The spread of the rushes sometimes reaches the ears and the mouths. The pox in the human body differs from one person to another. Some people are affected just very few while others gets the pox allover the body. When the rash begins to appear in the body of the patient, they are usually pink in color but changes immediately to blisters (Marshall Cavendish Corporation 185). In the rashes, fluids forms but crust after a period of between one to two days. For the first seven days of chicken pox infections, new blisters forms after each of the first ones crust. The blisters takes a period of up to 14 days to be scrubbed completely and become

Forrest Gump Essay Example for Free

Forrest Gump Essay Forrest Gump is a movie whose title is named after its main character, Forrest Gump. The main character is not a fast-witted fellow, who kills time in waiting for the bus by sharing the story of his life to anyone who sits with him on a bench in the bus stop. He always remembers the time when he met Elvis Presley, and also when his dear mother died. He shares stories about going to college and how he dealt with his new life in that new environment, and proudly tells strangers about how a scholarship grant has helped him enter college. He recalls stories about him entering the army. As a member of the army, he was sent to Vietnam. From this experience, he returned to his country of origin as a hero because in Vietnam, he was able to save his friends in the army. Since he was able to make himself a hero, he shares to strangers how many presidents of different countries he has already met. He also recalls how he got wealthy by setting up a business. He looks back to the days when he was very engrossed into professional ping-pong. He is telling people who sits beside him on the bench about his popularity which he got from running to and from one country to another, for three consecutive years (McCarthy, 1994). All these stories which Forrest Gump keeps on sharing to strangers seem different from each other. However, when one takes a better and closer look at it, the sum of Forrest Gump’s stories revolves around Jenny. Jenny is the one true love of Forrest. He falls in love with this girl so deeply that he never notices other girls. He thinks about her every now and then. He is too enamoured with too many thoughts about Jenny. Because Forrest Gumps life is not perfect, he loses Jenny along the way. Everything that Forrest does from that time on was towards finding Jenny. With much perseverance, and also even luck, he was able to find Jenny once again. They reconnect with each other. With this reunion, Forrest finds out that he and Jenny have a son together. Jenny, however, was almost dying all through the years. He is suffering from a disease which has no treatment or medication. Then again, even after knowing this, Forrest still decides to marry Jenny. After a very short period of time, Jenny dies from the incurable disease. What Forrest did was to raise their son even when Jenny was no longer around. He became a father to his son on his own (McCarthy, 1994). Forrest Gump, in this story, is a very good representation of the genre â€Å"innocent at large†. His snippets of wisdom are very sensible although they are very simple. He is also slow-witted. The way he looks portrays innocence because he is donning a buzz-cut hairstyle. The world around Forrest Gump is undeniably a stressful and a hectic one, but even if he is living in this kind of world, he is still able to look at the world in a good way. He still thinks that the world is a nice place to live in. While Forrest looks very innocent, viewers will still understand and see that he is not completely innocent, and that he also knows things. It simply goes to show that Forrest defies the stereotype of a hero. Heroes are expected to be man enough, to be smart, fit and almost perfect. Forrest still managed to be a hero despite all his imperfections. Jenny, on the other hand, was the opposite of Forrest. While she knew a lot about the world and was rich with experiences, she is constantly confused. She hooks up with boys she barely knows; she does drugs, and battles thoughts and attempts of suicide. She only decides to settle down with Forrest when she was almost dying, and this time, she sounded and acted more matured. Again, she defies the stereotype of smart people making smart decisions, since Jenny, being knowledgeable, being the women who taught Forrest how to read and write, is the same woman who always creates poor decisions (McCarthy, 1994). As a reader, it is easy to relate with Forrest Gump because there are times when wishes and dreams are achieved even without the conventional way of reaching it. It can be related to the many times people do not believe in what I can do or what opinions I am capable of making. It can also be as simple as doing everything in my power to buy my dream pair of shoes, or the book I have been meaning to read for the longest time, and even when getting them seems impossible, I end up having them land on my hands. The movie discussed many things about family, marriage and society. Throughout the entire film, we can see that Forrests mother is very supportive of him. She supported him even though a lot of people think that he has no future with his IQ that is below average. She pushed him to do normal things despite what other people say. She even went as far as to entertain the indecent wishes of the school principal just so Forrest can enter school. In all these examples, the role of the mother as a family member who supports other members is clearly shown. The film also explored the family theme in Lieutenant Dans determination to follow in the footsteps of his ancestors who died in battle. Lieutenant Dans only wish is to be killed in action and nothing else. This reflects the tendency of members of a family to follow the choices in life of fellow members. However, Lieutenant Dan failed to follow the footsteps of his ancestors because he was saved by Forrest. Marriage is discussed in the movie in the scene where Forrest proposes to marry Jenny. Forrest made it clear that she loved Jenny despite the fact that he is â€Å"not a smart man. † Upon learning that he has a child that also has his name, Forrest also gladly assumed the role of a father even though his intelligence is below average. In addition, Forrest and Jenny got married even if Jenny is already dying. These events show that marriage should be founded on the responsibility of each member and their love for each other (McCarthy, 1994). Society was also discussed in the film because it was shown that Forrest had to go through many challenges as he tried to accomplish things that normal people accomplish. His classmates didnt like him in the school bus and he was always bullied in school. His classmates even chased him with their pickup truck. Forrest was able to break through the challenges that society presented though through his talents and skills. Since he can run very fast, Forrest was able to go through college with a scholarship for playing football. His talent in ping-pong also allowed him to go to China and play with their leader. In the military, his fast rifle assembly skills made him look good in the eyes of his commander. While these instances are exaggerated, they do make it clear that it is possible to be accepted by society if you willingly share your talents and skills to other people. Critics absolutely love Forrest Gump. It sparked intense debate among critics about whether the film was promoting conservative or liberal values. Roger Ebert praised Eric Roths screenplay and Tom Hanks acting. Some critics though, did not like film. Entertainment Weekly and The New Yorker said that the film reminds them of Disney because the film tends to reduce history to a colorful theme park. Currently though, the film is considered a classic among many film critics. Forrest Gump is also rated very high in various movie review websites (McCarthy, 1994). I love the film because it is very touching and deep but is still interesting and funny. Forrest Gump is very inspirational because he achieved so many things in life despite the fact that he has a very low IQ. Its not only Forrest though who made his victories and successes possible but also the people around him: his mother, Bubba, Lieutenant Dan, and even Jenny. This shows that society also works to help us achieve our goals no matter what our skills are. I also like the film because it went through a long part of the United States history but it presented it in a comedic and sarcastic way. Since Forrest does not know the real depth of the issues that surrounds him, history looks less serious people would normally think. The film gives the impression that everything that has happened to the world, including the Vietnam War, can be viewed as ridiculous and probably unnecessary. Bubba died needlessly in battle just because he had to serve in the war. His dreams ended just like that and Forrest was willing to accept the death of his friend. Forrest Gump is a great movie that everyone must watch. If you want to dig deep into the emotions of people and the issues of society, this is an excellent film to watch. Truly, Forrest Gump is a classic that entertains and educates its viewers. Reference McCarthy, T. (July 11, 1994). Forrest Gump. Variety Online Magazine. Retrieved 18 December 2008 http://www. variety. com/index. asp? layout=Variety100reviewid=VE1117487968content=jumpjump=reviewcategory=1935cs=1p=0.

Essay --

Within the past 20 years dropout rates have become a worldwide pandemic. Not to mention the ripples that follow that. These ripples include a higher percentage of the populous under the poverty line, with could then result in a global impact. This creates a serious problem, for not only the United States, but the rest of the world as the world economy is a reflection of our own. With that said, how will the teen pregnancy rates affect the dropout percentage? And how will informing the populous about America’s teen pregnancy issue lower the percentage of dropouts in American Schooling. In 2011, a total of 329,797 babies were born to teenagers of the ages from fifteen to nineteen, with â€Å"a live birth rate of 31.3 per 1,000 women in this age group.† (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]) This becomes a record low within this age group, and a drop from â€Å"8% from 2010. Birth rates fell 11% for women aged 15–17 years, and 7% for women aged 18–19 years.† (CDC) This drop is acceptable but it’s not something to rely on, as all of this depends how sexually active those teens are, there may theoretically be a birth rate to jump up to fifty percent. Additionally, research by both Claus C Pà ¶rtner and D. Mark Anderson, who are both respectable professors in the University of Washington’s economic department, have established that â€Å"increasing the minimum drop out age leads to higher income, better health, higher self-reported happiness, [and] less crime† (Lochner and Moretti; Oreopoulos; Black, Devereu x and Salvanes; Anderson) If the only outcome is something positive, why has it not been changed? Some would say that it is all theoretical and untrustworthy. Yet it has still not been addressed. Another possible cause to this is the ne... ...sex. Furthermore, none of these programs showed promise in the delaying of sexual initiation among youth enrolled in these programs. Additionally, none of the programs showed promise in obtaining factual data to conclude that abstinence can reduce other sexual risk-taking behaviors among participants. More specifically, a â€Å"2003 Pennsylvania evaluation found that the state-sponsored programs were largely ineffective in delaying sexual onset or promoting skills and attitudes consistent with sexual abstinence. Arizona and Kansas had similar findings of no change in behaviors. A 2004 evaluation from Texas found no significant changes in the percentage of students who pledged not to have sex until marriage. As in two other studies, the Texas analysis revealed that the percentage of students who reported having engaged in sexual intercourse increased for nearly all ages.†

love is worth the inevitable pain Essay -- essays research papers

Love is Worth the Inevitable Pain   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind is not the typical Hollywood love film. A Hollywood love film is a film where a couple gets together in the end and lives happily ever after, but this is a love story that shows the reality of love and the consequences that come with it. Love is not one hundred percent bliss, it also comes with pain. To get rid of this pain after a break up or death a company, Lacuna, has invented a way to erase people from their memory. The two main characters in the movie fall in love and then they both decide to erase each other from their memories. Clementine, Kate Winslet, erases Joel, Jim Carrey, because she becomes bored with their relationship. Joel goes to the Barnes and Nobles where she works to see her and she has absolutely no idea who he even is. Joel probably would not have erased Clementine, but he found a card that told him he was erased from her memory and he did not think that he could go on with the memory of her. This film is completely different from a Hollywood version, at the end of this movie it leaves room for interpretation for the viewer to think for themselves whether Clementine and Joel will end up happily ever after, there are no clear answers. The scene begins with Joel and Clementine lying naked on a rug in the middle of the floor covered only by a repugnant quilt. The quilt has a tranquilizing effect however because of its warm colors, which is perfect for this scene. The colors of the quilt subconsciously give the feeling that everything is comfortable. As they are lying on the floor Clementine asks Joel if she is ugly. As soon as she asks the question the shot changes and it shows Joel instantly respond with an â€Å"uh huh,† in a manner saying no. The camera then goes to Clementine, but once she starts to speak, it instantly shows Joel again. Clementine tells Joel about how she remembers when she was little a little girl and she thought she was ugly, as the camera is still on a close up of Joel. Usually while someone is talking the camera would be on them, but in this scene the camera is on a close up of Joel while Clementine is talking to show his expressions and to see the sincerity of his emotions and the lo ve he has for Clementine. The next shot is a picture of Clementine when she was little. The picture of her is a somewhat average litt... ...something. I believe that this line is repeated to show a new beginning for their relationship, because this is a disclaimer that Clementine uses both times she meets Joel to warm him of the way that she is. Joel responds with â€Å"I can’t see anything that I don’t like about you.† Clementine says â€Å"But you will. You will think of things and I’ll get bored with you and feel trapped because that is what happened with me.† Joel says â€Å"OK† as if he is relieved, which Clementine promptly answers with â€Å"OK.† They both decide that they want to try and start over with their relationship even though they know that it probably will not work out because it has already failed once, but there is a possibility for it to succeed. They now understand that the risk they take to have a relationship and fail, is far greater than to not have even attempted to have one at all. The movie ends with the song â€Å"Change of Heart† playing while Clementine and Joel are walking in the snow towards their new beginning. The director is implying that they had a change of heart and that things in the end did work out for them to live together happily ever after, but not with out loves temporary and necessary glitches.

Hamlet Review Essay

Primary Characters: * Hamlet- indecisive, isolates himself, plans his â€Å"antic disposition† * Claudius- murder of King Hamlet, Hamlet’s uncle and stepfather, guilty * Ophelia- Polonius’s daughter, Hamlet’s love, drowns Secondary Characters: * Horatio- Hamlet’s friend * Polonius- protective of Ophelia, believes Hamlet is affected by Ophelia’s love * Gertrude- Hamlet’s mother and the queen * Laertes- Polonius’s son and Ophelia’s brother, wants to kill Hamlet after Ophelia dies Point of view and other notable techniques: Most people believe that Hamlet was written in the 3rd person point of view. However, some literary critics argue that Shakespeare’s characters possess individuality too great to be bound under a fixed point of view. Like actual people, they act with intentions we cannot completely comprehend. This lack of fixed point of view allows the work to be up to interpretation, as it has been analyzed in a variety of ways. Shakespeare embodies various structural, literary, and stylistic techniques in his play. He often switches between the use of blank verse and prose when dealing with his different characters. He also uses iambic pentameter throughout the play. Examples of this can be most easily found in Hamlet’s â€Å"To be or not to be† monologue in Act III. Favorite stylistic techniques of Shakespeare include soliloquy, particularly those uttered by Hamlet throughout the play (the â€Å"To be or not to be†¦Ã¢â‚¬  soliloquy remains one of the most famous in English literature). He also uses various allusions to both biblical and mythological references throughout Hamlet, including a reference to the Garden of Eden in the Ghost of Hamlet’s father’s graphic description of his murder. Imagery is another favorite technique of Shakespeare, as he uses his words to paint images of violence, chaos, beauty, and darkness. The language of Shakespeare is in a class of its own, as the old English text he employs throughout the play reflect his own unique manner of writing. Major conflicts and resolutions: * Hamlet vs. His inner self- Hamlet struggles between action and inaction throughout the entire play. Is inability to act out what he feels and kill Claudius ultimately leads to his death. * Hamlet vs. Claudius, Polonius, Ophelia & Laertes: Hamlet has many external conflicts with the other characters that stem from his internal conflict. The conflict between Claudius and Hamlet leads to both of their deaths. Hamlet kills Polonius out of a fit of insanity. Ophelia and Hamlet seem to have various problems, (as seen by the nunnery scene) and in the end Ophelia ends up going insane and drowning. After Ophelia dies, Laertes wants to seek revenge. He and Hamlet fence and because of a mix up of swords, he is poisoned by his own sword. Key Scenes: * A huge turning point in Hamlet is within rising action. The ghost tells hamlet to revenge his murder. Hamlet finds out that it is Claudius, but Hamlet does not kill Claudius because he is in prayer. * The climax of â€Å"Hamlet† is when Hamlet stabs Polonius through the curtain. (III:v). This is the climax because since he violently killed Polonius, Hamlets gets into conflicts with the king. * The resolution is when Hamlet returns from England, changed. Hamlet eventually has a fencing match with Laertes and then the royal family dies and so does Hamlet. (V.). Key Quotations: * â€Å"Though yet of Hamlet our dear brother’s death/ The memory be green†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (I.ii.1-25) * Claudius addresses his court explaining the death of the King and his marriage to Gertrude. * â€Å"This above all,—to thine own self be true; And it must follow, as the night the day, Thou canst not then be false to any man† (I.iii.78-80) * Polonius speaks these words to Laertes as he gives him final counsel before leaving home. * â€Å"To be or not to be†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (III.i. 58-90) * In this famous soliloquy, Hamlet ponders life and death, suicide and the afterlife, as well as action and inaction. * â€Å"Not where he eats, but where he is eaten. A certain convocation of politic worms are e’en at him. Your worm is your only emperor for diet. We fat all creatures else to fat  us, and we fat ourselves for maggots. Your fat king and your lean beggar is but variable service—two dishes, but to one table. That’s the end.† (IV.iii.21) * Hamlet says this to the king. In this humorous scene, he speaks of Polonius’s death. Many think that the manner in which he speaks of the death in these lines prove his insanity. * â€Å"The rest is silence† (V.ii.356) * Hamlet’s last words spoken to Horatio before he dies Theme statements & central questions: After losing a loved one unjustifiably, one may seek revenge and in doing so explore the limits of sanity. * Why does Hamlet delay in killing Claudius? * Was the ghost real or imagined? * When is murder justifiable? * Is suicide okay? * How much thought is too much thought and not enough action? Your reactions: * I found the soliloquy in Hamlet the most difficult sections of the play to comprehend, particularly due to the old English style in which they were written in. Shakespeare’s dated language and implementation of iambic pentameter often confused me, as did his various allusions and colloquialisms, among other literary devices throughout these extended monologues. I had to re-read the â€Å"To be or not to be† soliloquy until I was finally able to understand it. Shakespeare reveals of his character’s innermost demons and troubles through his soliloquy, bringing their emotional instability full circle. Realizing this made me strive even harder to understand every aspect of these speeches, every allusion and image and literary device was crucial, even though it appears to be insignificant in the scheme of things. The details truly matter in his works. * Personally, the â€Å"this above all† quote is one of my favorite quotes. Polonius may have been a fool for trying to teach Laertes this lesson at the last possible moment before his departure, but his words are wise ones. Through personal experience I have found truth behind the advice and hold it very close. I’ve discovered that if I remain true to myself and am honest with myself, it is virtually impossible to be false to others.  I’ll always remember these famous words. * One aspect of Hamlet that really stood out to me was the scenes of the ghost. I personally believe that the ghost telling Hamlet to remember him and revenge his father’s death, was actually within the imagination of Hamlet himself. There is no evidence in the play that suggests that the ghost is all in Hamlet’s mind, however, there is no evidence against it, thus making it an effective claim. Notable literary devices: * Shakespeare’s use of tone creates a unique and completely entertaining style of dialogue for the play. The tone uses imagery and diction to add meaning to the text and make the play sad, funny, dark, or even violent at times. * Shakespeare uses poetry in â€Å"Hamlet† and it is written in Iambic Pentameter. â€Å"Hamlet†, having been written in poetry, is portrayed beautifully and because of the meter, is executed properly. * The use of symbols is evident in â€Å"Hamlet†. The skull and the ghost are obvious symbols of death. However, other symbols can be analyzed like Ophelia and flowers, or Ophelia and innocence. Hamlet can be looked at as the â€Å"tragic hero†, and many characters have symbolism behind them. Good for the following prompts: This text would be best implemented in either an analysis or an argument prompt. For the analysis prompt, the student would be presented with a short excerpt from Hamlet and be required to discuss different techniques the author uses throughout the passage, connecting back to the overall meaning of the work as a whole. Any selection from Hamlet highlights Shakespeare’s use of iambic pentameter, as well as his mastery of imagery and allusions. An argument prompt requires the student to analyze a given position in said argument, and either defend, challenge, or qualify the position using their own knowledge of the work. Anything goes with this prompt, so a total understanding of the various interpretations of Hamlet is necessary to succeed. Students must develop their own interpretation of the work and pinpoint elements in the work that contribute to their understanding of it. Hamlet would be an excellent choice when faced with any prompt dealing with revenge, avenging the death of a loved one, insanity, or family values, a few of the central themes of Shakespeare’s work.

Cause and Effect Essay: Causes of Flood Essay

There are many calamities that we experience like storm, volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. The most common calamities that our country faces are storms and floods. According to PAGASA, flood is a natural hydrological phenomenon. The purpose of this essay is to enumerate and explain the causes of flood, which are tropical storms, global warming and tsunamis. One of the causes of flood are tropical storms. According to the Forces of Nature website, storms get water from oceans and bring it towards land. Streams and rivers sometimes cannot handle the heavy rain so water overflows and produces flood. One of the reasons why we experience flood is ineffective drainage. Most drainage systems in the country cannot handle the amount of water because they are blocked due to the trashes of people throw on sidewalks. Two examples of storms that caused flood were Hurricane Camille in 1969 in Virginia and the recent Typhoon Ondoy. The second cause of flood is Global Warming. According to the Forces of Nature website, Global Warming is the heat trapped in the earth’s atmosphere which slowly warms the earth. Global warming heats water from oceans and seas. It helps the water to evaporate faster. When a big amount of water vapor is in the atmosphere, it forms storms that causes flood on land. When the temperature of the earth increases, ice from the north and south pole would melt and it will cause the rising of the sea levels. If the seas levels rise, seas will overflow and it will cause flood on coastal areas. The third cause of flood is tsunamis. According to the Forces of Nature website, one cause of tsunamis are high winds. High winds create waves that would hit beaches and shores. According to PAGASA, another cause of tsunamis are seismic activities. Examples are underwater volcanoes and earthquakes. When underwater volcanoes erupt or when earthquakes occur, they form tsunamis. Tsunamis are dangerous because they hit land with high speeds. Furthermore, as they approach the land, it slows down and gains height. There are many causes of flood. Three of them are tropical storms, global warming and tsunamis. Some of the causes are natural but some are man-made  like global warming. To avoid flood, we should throw our trashes in the right places to avoid the blocking of drainage and stop pollution in order to prevent worsening of global warming References: Flooding: Causes of Flood. Retrieved November 23, 2009, from Forces of Nature website: http://library.thinkquest.org/C003603/english/flooding/causesoffloods.shtml Causes and Types of Floods. Retrieved November 23, 2009, from PAGASA website: http://kidlat.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/genmet/floods/cause_types.html Reflection: For me, it was not hard to write this essay because I used references. I only need to paraphrase the information and place it into my essay. I am satisfied with the outcome because the information in my essay is more reliable because I based it on the references I found. To improve my essay, I could research more on my topic to get more information.

Networking and Communications

The concepts of networks and communication have come from computers and Internet and are not really very old. The advantages of these methods of communication are that messages can be sent sitting at the computer in houses or over a laptop, the communication reaches the intended receiver almost immediately and permits the receiver to also start acting on the communication immediately. There are always advantages in having physical value chains and this is what leads shops to develop warehouses and try to be merchandisers though they do not have the capacity to be so. On the other hand, the new methods of information create opportunities to simplify the value chain and thus develop businesses that have better sources of competitive advantage. An example of such stores is Amazon, which offers its potential customers a list of 2. 5 million books and this list is ten times the size of the nearest chain stores. The organization also does not have the books in its store, but have the books delivered to its customers through orders to two wholesalers in the industry after the customers have placed orders. The facility available with Amazon is only to repack the books and mail them. This makes sure that some difficulties come in and Amazon cannot offer books off the shelves, nor can their customers see the books on shelves. At the same time, their methods of selling provide them with lower costs and provide customers with superior information and lower costs. (Tapscott, 30) Some of the advantages are provided by the medium itself. Through the computer it is possible to send a message to a person without meeting him directly, or even knowing whether he is there or not. A shop can collect orders at the time when it is not open and save its employees time as the full list of items required will be sent by the customers themselves. (Lynda, 13) This particular already has a server and that means it already has and Internet connection and the computer is already able to accept messages through the Internet. His may be in the form of Intranets meant for use by the employees of the store, or in the form of a VPN. This is a Virtual Private Network which accommodates the needs of employees not located in the same office and is in the form of a private network using the public network, or Internet to get them together. There is no requirement to use a leased line, but there is usage of virtual connections operating through the Internet. (How Virtual Private Networks Work) The use of the second server is to be a back up for the first server and also to record orders from the customers. This does not involve many risks as the orders can be received on an e-mail connection and they are quite safe for the users. Further safety can be ensured through presently available. The size of e-mail connections are also large now, of the order of 1GB and can be made even larger. At the start of the working day, employees can be asked to unload orders received from the Internet to the computer of the store. The time has already been decided as being 11 am. All the orders can be placed in order and then prepared for execution. If the execution of orders are finished before the end of closing hours, then further orders, if any are available on the e-mail site, can be taken up for execution. This process is generally safe. The only difficulty comes from false orders, but that can be checked through a paying mechanism connected to the delivery part. When the order is delivered, the store will definitely collect payment, and this can be through a bank payment service, credit card or some other mechanism. When the order is sent to the store, an authorization should be sent by the buyer to the paying party also. This can be checked by the store, before delivery. If the material is to be collected from the store, then, the problems are less as the consumer will have to make payments directly. Purchases for a small store are difficult and often require expertise which the individual store may not possess. The solution that is often reached is to become a member of a buying group who will act as the buying organization for all stores, though the stores may be owned by different persons. Buying groups exist in practically all segments of the retail industry and some of the groups provide services in terms of product management and obtaining discounts for the stores through the process of summing up all quantities required and thus obtaining discounts for wholesale purchases. Even in the international scene, there are buying groups. Those organizations often have buying units distributed all over the world. (Varley, 36) In the long run, the exercise of computerization should not disturb this angle and the existing method of purchases can still be retained. The advantages will come from the fact that as soon as sales are made, or orders executed, a record can be updated for the item in question. The importance in this aspect is only for items in â€Å"A† category after an analysis of the items for sales through an ABC analysis. For those items, since they involve an importance in terms of customer satisfaction, or investment, it is essential that a close record be kept. It is also possible, like Amazon to collect some of the expensive items on a day to day basis. These are decisions for executive management to consider. If the access to the store by the purchasers is only through e-mail, then they have no chance of directly collecting the information from the store's computer, except through certain bugs that may be placed in the computer along with orders. This is a problem that comes even when the computer user visits certain sites, and can be wiped out through the use of anti-virus software and proper design of the computer system. The biggest point to remember is that most users now use Internet Explorer as their language for communication with Internet since they have the basic language as Windows. On the other hand, the store may use Mozilla Firefox for communicating with Internet. This will automatically knock out a lot of infections. Apart from this are for the computer to be working on a non-windows system and this can be done through some programming in Java. The details will have to be worked out with a computer expert. If the information of the company is stored on a different disk also, the chances of removal are much lower. This is not so difficult since the question of disks is only of virtual separation through programming. At the same time, it is also important to note that secrets about the organization also should not be available to internal users within the company unless they are permitted access. This can be controlled through requirement of passwords for entering those sections, but at the same time, the users will have to be careful about storage of the passwords. To an extent, the problem of exposure of passwords can be controlled through changes of passwords on a regular basis. The job of a network administrator involves many tasks and to an extent the tasks are also decided by the experience of the administrator in the job. The first step is to create its design, and this job has to be done by a senior network architect. Since this network has been operating for some time, one presumes that it has a network administrator who has been in charge of the system, and this person, if he is conversant enough with computers will be able to decide on its required expansion. The second set of responsibilities of the network administrator begins after the network is designed and this involves setting up and configuring the network. It is important to remember that due to the complications of the network this may take some time, and, in general the old system should be permitted to continue till the new system is tested and ready. Then the switchover can be done within a short period of a weekend or so. This will cause the least amount of disturbances to working. (Responsibilities of the Network Administrator) After all the store has to sell and earn money and computers are only assistance and cannot be permitted to come in the way of operations. The job now includes installing the physical aspects of the changes, configuring the files or databases, hosts, routers and network configuration servers. The third phase of network administration security involves regular tasks that have to be done – adding new host machines, direct administration, administration of network services and trouble shooting problems that are seen to arise. In this case, the problem seems to be one of adding new hosts and increasing services of the network for which more software is expected to be wanted. (Responsibilities of the Network Administrator) This is however and ongoing process and one success will lead to another and this will require changes not planned in the earlier phase. In this case, let us say that the plan of expansion succeeds in satisfying the customers, and adds profits for the organization, and then a second store may be required. For this sort of problems a principle of redundancy should be built into network designing. From the general, let us get into the specific and all organizations involved with computer software have their own recommendations for network service and Microsoft talks about it including Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol or DHCP, Windows Internet Name Service or WINS and Domain Name System or DNS. These are all software and part of these may massage the egos of the owners of the system, but whether they are needed or not will have to be determined by those designing the system. Microsoft has made a system management function which provides guidance for the operation of the above named services and for maintenance of the hardware which will hold these programs. There is also a guide for getting required software for this purpose. (Service Management Functions: Network Administration) Considering the number of updates that come in for Windows, it does not seem to be very reliable software. There are also software designed for many different users and in these many users can work on the system at the same time and maintain files. An example of such a system is IRIX. The only problem is that this system permits the workstation to be connected to networks and permits transfer of files from one to the other. (Overview of System Administration) Does this system require this facility, or will it be a source of trouble? The point is that all systems have to be designed according to the requirements as deemed fit by the management and first the thought of the management have to be clarified. To conclude, computers are the latest tools for the egos of today, but, at the same time, one should not end up with a system having a lot of useless or dangerous facilities.

Fleabane Now a National Challenge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fleabane Now a National Challenge - Essay Example Thus, according to the GRDC funded research, it has been seen that the integrated weed management (IWM) is key to reduce the impact of the weed on the crops. Spraying the weed with herbicides while it is still young is another effective approach that can be taken. Alternatively, there is need to control the weed before it sets the seeds. This entails that the growers should strive to tackle the fleabane while it is still young. They should use the cultivators to bury the weed before it matures since it would become resistant with age. There are quite a number of benefits that can be derived from this action. For instance, the growers will not experience the recurrence of the problematic weed and this can also help to improve the yield. Persuasion channels like television can be used to appeal to the growers to follow the steps suggested above. On the other hand, Silverleaf whitefly (SLW) remains a potentially serious pest of coastal soya beans in the northern region. The main problem is that it quickly develops rapid pesticide resistance usually in a single season. It is also adaptive to high temperatures. The SLW cannot be managed by the use of pesticides alone and growers are not advised to use these since they kill the SLW parasites and predators allowing the pest to multiply unchallenged. Integrated pest management (IPM) is essential in order to combat this problem. There is the need for the growers to understand the basic tenets of this strategy as well as the measures that characterize it. The IPM strategy entails that the growers should ensure that there are natural predators in the crop that can suppress the pest’s population. The growers should try to maintain a natural balance in the ecosystem where the predators will feed on the SLW and this helps to ensure that the SLW does not multiply in numbers. The benefits that can be achieved by the growers of beans is that their crop will not be destroyed by the pests.  

Understanding Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Understanding Art - Essay Example If I would never have read Frida Kahlo’s meaning to her work, I would have thought that this man was in her head, always watching with a third eye and the oppression she feels, but as she expresses to friend, â€Å" I have suffered two serious accidents in my life, one in which a streetcar ran over me†¦. The other accident was Diego.†. Her work compels me, possibly because of her bravery to not only look at the reality of her situation but also because she allowed me to view it and share her emotion.   This painting makes me feel compassion, revulsion, and other unnamed emotions.   That is what makes it good art.  If I would never have read Frida Kahlo’s meaning to her work, I would have thought that this man was in her head, always watching with a third eye and the oppression she feels, but as she expresses to friend, â€Å" I have suffered two serious accidents in my life, one in which a streetcar ran over me†¦. The other accident was Diego.â⠂¬ . Her work compels me, possibly because of her bravery to not only look at the reality of her situation but also because she allowed me to view it and share her emotion.   This painting makes me feel compassion, revulsion, and other unnamed emotions.    Art is defined by many different categories, all in which help give a greater  understanding of the purpose of art. Art can range from the occasional change in color contrast of our room to a fresh vase of roses on the dining room table.

The west on the eve of a new world order Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The west on the eve of a new world order - Essay Example The philosophes were the intellectuals of the Enlightenment who believed that philosophy can change the world. Montesquieu argued that separation of powers promoted checks and balances in the government. Jean-Jacques Rousseau asserted that the concept of the social contract happens when people use general will to create a government system. Mary Wollstonecraft argued that all human beings, including women, have innate reason. Economic changes affected the social order. By the eighteenth century, Britain and France eclipsed old world monopolies (i.e. Spain, Portugal, and the Dutch Republic) through its largely profitable colonial empires and cottage industries. Peasants in Europe were generally free compared to serfs in Eastern Europe and Russia. Patrician oligarchies dominated towns and cities across Europe. The colonial empires in the Americas had different rulers. British North American used colonization effectively because the English were motivated by the desire for religious and economic independence. These colonies were made to balance trade that favored the mother country, however, which fueled ideas for independence. French North America was managed autocratically. They did not succeed as well as the English because of lack of money and people. The thirteen British colonies in America soon declared war against their mother land and demanded independence from Britain. After winning the American Revolution, America created a new Constitution, and afterwards, a Bill of Rights in 1789. Enlightened absolutism refers to ruling through equality of all before the law, religious toleration, freedom of speech and the press, and the rights of private property. Frederick II of Prussia developed a Prussian army that upheld duty, obedience, and sacrifice, but he also limited basic freedoms and did not change serfdom. Joseph II portrayed enlightened absolutism more than Frederick II because he abolished serfdom and

Earned Value Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Earned Value Management - Essay Example It compares the work finished with the estimates made at the beginning of the project, which gives a measure of how far the project is from being finished. Inferring from the amount of work already put into the project, a project manager can get reasonable prediction as to how much resources the project will have used at completion. EVM was used in the 1800s as industrial engineers looked for ways to measure performance in factories. The United Stated Department of Defense (DOD), in the 1960s, employed the Cost/Schedule Control System Criteria (C/SCSC) which is now referred to as the Earned Value Management System (EVMS), a recognized function of program management, which ensures that technical, cost, schedule, and aspects of a contract are truly integrated. The DOD used the C/SCSC cost system simply because their contractors ran over budget, lag behind schedule, had no ability to guesstimate an acceptable cause-effect relationship of how cost, schedule or scope impacted multiple and simultaneous projects. As a result, the government requested that contractors were no longer permitted to forecast costs by subtracting project actual costs from the original budget. With the EVMS, which includes organized components of the project's schedule, budget estimate and scope of work, project's forecast costs at completio n of project are more accurately determined (Warhoe, 2004). However, after nearly four decades, EVM clearly has not achieved its actual or perceived potential. Of the innumerable projects, less than 1% use the EVM application. One reason suggested in literature for the low usage of EVM and procurement is the contract type selection bias toward cost-reimbursable (CR) contracts. Literature review addressing EVM and procurement, indicate that there are mixed beliefs on contract type selection (Marshall, 2005). Conventional use of EVM with CR contracts, were limited to large United States government departments such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Today NASA employs EVM to support President Bush's Management Agenda specifically to improve competitive sourcing by providing better historical performance data; to enhance financial performance by helping measurement of performance against the budget; and to advance NASA budget and performance integration by integrating management of technical requirements, schedule, and budget risks. In contrast, many project practitioners, experts and literature reviews argue in support of using fixed price (FP) contracts. Kelvin Yu described how EVM was effectively used with a FP contract to renovate a wind tunnel operated by NASA. For instance, Yu utilized EVM in defining the project scope, developing negotiating tools such as "should cost estimate", and directing and integrating the actual work of multiple contractors working on a project. Quentin Fleming and Joel Koppleman agree because both have noted the efficiency and effectiveness of EVM with FP contracts. Authors are suggesting the use EVM with FP contracts and provide sound rationale for their beliefs and claims. They made a good case for continuous use of FP (Marshall, 2005). For those such as Karen Evans, an Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Administrator of e-government and Information Technology, who testified last spring before the House Government Reform Committee, EVM has not been of much service. Her complaint